Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and. Substation grounding design challenges and lessons learned. All rus borrowers rus electric staff effective date. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std. Cost sufficient reliability without excessive cost 3.
Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsi. Stations with uniform resistivity throughout the entire area are rarely found. The substation grounding system is an essential part of the every electrical system. Bus arrangements reliability cost of configuration available space. Grounding system design calculations 1 course description. Design the main considerations taking into account during the design process are. Distribution substations michigan technological university. Recommends an optimallydesigned safe ground grid that uses accurate modeling techniques, and enables possible material and labor savings while meeting all ieee 80 safety requirements. Substation the basics of a substation configuration and its components duration.
Guidelines to properly designed substation grounding. Principles of electrical grounding john pfeiffer, p. It is to be noted that two of the most critical parameters that influence the design of the grounding. Substation grounding grid design therefore requires calculating of parameters related to earth and grounding with a great concern for the safety of the persons who may come under the influence of the potential gradient due to severe earth fault. The purpose of this project is to provide recommendations to bsee and boem as to what additional standards may be applicable to offshore substation design as the agencies update their regulations. The first guide for the substation grounding design was introduced on 1961. Management boem requested proposals to provide recommendations for offshore substation design development of standards. Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsinsu. Install mesh grounding system as shown in figure 9 to create an equipotential surface. The earthing systems for a substation must have a minimum design life of 50 years. This paper presents 230 66 kv, substation grounding system and calculation results of required parameters. This is an example of the design of the grounding grid of a substation with voltage levels of 115 kv and 34. Optimized design of earthing system for substations with high. The maximum electrical potential that a substation grounding grid may attain relative to a distant grounding point assumed to be at the potential of remote earth.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Pdf design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and. Selection of the location of a substation must consider many factors. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal design delivery mode. Grounding system design relies on various factors that vary from substation to substation. Optimized design of substation grounding system using. This voltage rise could reach unacceptable and dangerous levels. Major substation earthing design, construct and commissioning. Design of grounding system for an electrical substation. Optimized design of substation grounding system using newly developed ieee compliant software issn.
Substation design instruction sdi 505 minimum design and construction requirements for transmission and zone substations and switching stations substation design instruction sdi. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. I subscribed this morning to your website and immediately thereafter there came up a link to download the pdf. Abstract the main purpose of this paper is to acquaint the reader with. Optimized design of substation grounding system using newly. He specializes in system protection, relay settings, and system studies grounding, ac. D substation standards lighting fixture pole and bracket mounting 19.
Provide conceptual grounding system a for the substation, including design specification of conductor size and depth, crushed rock or asphalt resistivity and thickness, in accordance with the above design criteria. Substation grounding is most commonly used in the design of substation ground grids and is the basis. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. Keywordsgenetic algorithm, optimum grounding grid design. This course is intended to prepare the target persons with the ability to perform all electrical grounding system design for domestic, commercial and industrial facilities and ac substations. Earth resistance design br gupta power systems earthing. In addition to substation projects, joe is active in standards work both at xcel energy and in ieee substations committee. The values of these parameters have to be kept within certain established emits, keeping. The cross section of the buried cable should calculated in accordance with the value of the phasetoearth short. Substation and transmission lines earthing system design. It describes the detailed computer model of the east central substation grounding grid and shows how to use the malt. The proper grounding of a substation is essential and very important for the following two reasons.
Disconnecting switches, grounding switches, current transformers, potential transformers or. A substation standards switch operating platforms steel design and details 49. Computer aided design is the b est way to design and optimize a grounding system, b ut the majority of the substation grounding grid are still calibrated analytical, based on 1 or 2. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std 802000. This course is intended to prepare the target persons with the ability to perform all electrical grounding. Earthing system design ensures safety compliance for both the substation and transmission lines under fault conditions. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least. The fence is connected to a separate grounding conductor. K substation standards switch operating and equipment platforms electrical design and details 20. The result of the design is highly complying with ieee 802000 standard requirements. Under substation fault, both the substation earth grid and the pole grid resistance are exposed to voltage rise. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. I subscribed this morning to your website and immediately thereafter there came up a link to download the pdf ebook power substation design calculations a checklist of 18 studies for engineers to consider erroneously i closed the window and then i cant find that link anymore, not it is in my mailbox. Substation lightning protection and earthing standard.
Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and without considering seasonal factors using edsa software mithun mondal, dr r. Pdf simplified method for substation grounding system design. Substation design instruction sdi 505 minimum design and construction requirements for transmission and zone substations and switching stations substation design instruction sdi 511 auxiliary ac supply and switchgear substation design instruction sdi 517 busbars and support insulators. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are. First, it provides a means of dissipating electric current into the earth without exceeding the operating limits of the equipment.
Substation grounding substation substation design course substation design 220kv substation power substation grounding. We have already given an introduction to substation earthing system in an article published earlier. Substation earthing design akshay patil electrical and electronics engineering, navrachana university, india abstract. Fence grounding n the national electrical safety code requires grounding metal fences used to enclose substations with energized electrical conductors or equipment. It describes the detailed computer model of the east central substation grounding grid and shows how to use the malt computation module to determine the grounding grid impedance that will be used in the computation of the fault current distribution in chapter 5 step 2. Two day national conference rteece2014 17th,18th january 2014 88 optimized design of substation grounding system. Abstract the main purpose of this paper is to acquaint the reader with various types of grounding systems prevalent in an electrical substation and their importance. Substation grounding grid design therefore requires calculating of parameters related to earth and grounding with a great concern for the safety of the persons who may come under the. Touch voltages threshold values for physiological effects iec 604795 1. Pdf the main purpose of this work is the development of an optimization model for the design of the grounding grid in electrical substations. International journal of trend in scientific research and development ijtsrd volume 3 issue 5, august 2019 available online. As a substation design engineer, gc has experience in all aspects of substation design, with an emphasis on grounding analysis and design for substations, transmission and distribution structures, and induced voltage mitigation.
Before 1960s the design criterion of substation earthing system was low earth resistance. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. It is to be noted that two of the most critical parameters that influence the design of the grounding system at an electrical substation are the soil resistivity and the area available for laying the grounding system. List all data that must be known in the starting of grounding system design calculations for ac substation. Mortezaeei 2 1 electrical engineering department, seraj higher education institute, tabriz, iran, n.
The grounding system is essential to protect people working or walking in the vicinity of earthed facilities and equipments against the danger. Pdf the grounding grid provides a common ground for the electrical equipment as well all the metallic structures in the substation. Grounding design calculations part sixteen, i explained the following steps. Substation lightning protection and earthing standard effects of current on human beings and livestock part 5. Guidelines to properly designed substation grounding system eep. Today we are going to discuss the design of substation earthing system. This paper presents the design of earthing system for 400 kv substation and calculation of its parameters. Optimized design of earthing system for substations with. Dec 31, 2015 substation interview questions and answers. Review of substation grounding practices, safety and constructability enhancements.
This is a discussion of the basic principles behind grounding systems and how grounding is related to safety and the effective. Provide conceptual grounding system a for the substation, including design specification of. Chapter 4 presents the initial design of the grounding system. The grounding system is essential to protect people working or walking in the. Before the design of the grounding system begins, soil resistivity measurements need to be taken at the substation. The substation grounding system comprises of a grid earth mat formed by a horizontal buried conductors. Design of a proper grounding system will be discussed as well as performing of calculations necessary to ensure a safe design. Review of substation grounding practices, safety and.
High voltage substation question for electrical engineer interview. Important formulas for designing a substation grid earthing system. Joe is a principal engineer in the substation engineering department at xcel energy and has held many roles in the department since 1998. Wellman, optimal ground grid design for large ehv substations with autotransformer, publication no. Pdf grounding system design in electrical substation.
The intent of this guide is to provide guidance and information pertinent to safe grounding practices in ac substation design. Index terms conductor material saving, ground rods, optimization of substation grounding grid, sveraks method. Before 1960s the design criterion of substation earthing system. Offshore substation design development of standards. The single line diagram is shown in figure 1, and the substation for which the grounding grid is designed is the load 1 substation. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on. Introduction in designing and construction of an electric substation, one of the most important issues that must be considered is designing of. Successful operation of entire power system depends to a considerable extent on. As a substation design engineer, gc has experience in all aspects of substation design, with an emphasis on grounding analysis and design for substations. Pdf considerations about substation grounding system design. Thus, measurements should be made at multiple locations within the site. An important aspect of substation grounding system design is the calculation of the ground resistance offered by the grounding grid, and the values of the mesh and step voltages on the surface.
Earthing system is made of a mesh of buried bare copper cable, with additional earth rods, and shall be calculated, being recommended to use ieee std. This voltage, gpr, is equal to the maximum grid current times the grid resistance. Power systems analysis and design br gupta power systems earthing. Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on genetic. An optimization approach conference paper pdf available september 2006 with 2,901 reads how we measure reads. Whitepaper substation grounding identifying and implementing. The substation grounding grid is a system of horizontal, interconnected bare ground conductors, spaced a few meters apart, buried in the earth at a depth varying from 0. Introduction he optimization of the design of substation grounding. All substation earthing systems must be designed to ensure the following functional requirements are met.
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